is it okay to smoke weed while pregnant

Is Smoking Weed Bad for Pregnant Women? - FV KASA

This sheet talks about marijuana exposure during pregnancy and while breastfeeding. This information should not take the place of medical care and advice of your health care provider.

What is marijuana?

Marijuana, also called pot, weed, or marijuana, is a drug derived from a plant called cannabis. Marijuana can either be smoked (inhaled) or edible (edibles). Marijuana is an illegal substance in some parts of the United States. However, some states allow marijuana use with a prescription for medical purposes, and some states allow the sale of marijuana for recreational use.

The main active chemical in marijuana is delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), which is what causes you to feel high. Another major component of cannabis cannabidiol (CBD).

The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommends against the use of CBD, THC and marijuana in any form during pregnancy or while breastfeeding.

What do we know about cannabidiol (CBD)?

used the CBD became popular in the US society and can be found in many products ranging from coffee and chocolate, to supplements and tinctures, cosmetics, lotions, suppositories, and bath salts. Studies on "THC-free" products found that many actually contain measurable amounts of THC. Unfortunately there are no studies looking at the use of the CBD during pregnancy or while breast-feeding at this time.

How much is known about the effects of cannabis in pregnancy?

It's hard to study marijuana use during pregnancy. Marijuana contains about 400 different chemicals, and some cannabis preparations can be contaminated with other drugs, pesticides, and / or fungi. Most of the older study focused on women who inhale marijuana, not swallowing (eating) it. Taking edibles may cause higher levels of marijuana in the body. We also know that the THC in marijuana has become stronger (more powerful) over the years. Therefore, a study done years ago on marijuana with low THC levels may not accurately reflect the possible risks for users of marijuana today. Some women who used marijuana during pregnancy may have other risk factors such as use of alcohol, tobacco, or other drugs, medical conditions, and / or lack of prenatal care. Finally, information on the amount used and how much is used can be difficult for researchers to accurately collect. All these factors explain why studies looking at the use of cannabis during pregnancy sometimes found different results.

I'm using marijuana, but I want to quit before becoming pregnant. How long can stay in my body?

People eliminates the drug at different rates. This is particularly true for cannabis and its metabolites (break the product). how you use marijuana (inhalation, injest, topical) and how often you use it and how much you take can affect how long its metabolites can stay in your body. For some people, it may take up to 30 days for THC metabolites will be lost from the body.

I use marijuana. Could it makes it harder for me to get pregnant?

long-term use of marijuana can affect the menstrual cycle, which could make it more difficult to conceive. Effects on fertility appears to go when marijuana use is stopped, or once a woman develops tolerance to the drug.

Does using marijuana increases the risk of miscarriage?

A miscarriage can occur in any pregnancy. One study found that women who used marijuana were at increased risk of having a miscarriage. other studies have not confirmed this finding.

Does using marijuana in the first trimester increases the likelihood of birth defects?

In each pregnancy, a woman starts with a 3-5% chance of having a baby with birth defects. This is called risk background. Most studies have not found an increased chance of birth defects in infants exposed to marijuana use "occasional". Several studies have shown a small increase in the chance of gastroschisis (a rare birth defect in which the infant's intestine to stay out of a hole in the abdominal wall). However, it can be difficult to draw conclusions from this study because of the limitations described above.

While most convincing studies on birth defects, without good research among heavy cannabis users, the fact that marijuana is suspected to be stronger now, and because of other potential pregnancy complications it is best to avoid cannabis during pregnancy.

can be used marijuana in the second or thirdtrimester cause other pregnancy complications?

Perhaps. Similar to what is seen with smoking, smoking marijuana may increase the levels of carbon monoxide in the blood, which can lower the amount of oxygen the baby receives. Some studies have suggested that among women who smoke marijuana on a regular basis, there is an opportunity to increase pregnancy complications such as premature birth, low birth weight, small, long, small head size, and stillbirth. Babies born prematurely or with low birth weight may have higher rates of learning problems or other disabilities. In some studies, the dose-response relationship seen, means that the more a woman smoked, the higher her risk for this complication occurs. Further studies are needed to confirm if this complication is caused by the use of marijuana itself, or if the women in this study may have other risk factors (such as cigarette smoke).

Both THC and CBD may affect how the placenta works. The placenta is the organ that grows during pregnancy and control what can pass from the mother to the baby and the baby to the mother. Studies have also shown that THC can cross the placenta during pregnancy and reach the baby's system.

If I smoke marijuana in the third trimester, it may cause my baby to go through withdrawal after birth?

Some newborns exposed to cannabis have been reported to have a temporary withdrawal-like symptoms, such as increased tremors, changes in sleep patterns, and crying. These symptoms usually disappear within 30 days.

Is marijuana use in pregnancy cause long-term problems in behavior or learning for the baby?

Perhaps. Three studies have followed children exposed to marijuana, and found that they are at higher risk for problems such as impaired executive function (the ability to plan, focus, memory, and multi-task), impulsiveness, hyperactivity, aggression, depression, and anxiety. These children are also more likely to have problems with attention (ability to pay attention), memory, and academic achievement. When these children reach adulthood, some studies show that they are more likely to abuse substances themselves. Problems noted here have been seen more often in children whose mothers were "heavy" marijuana users (one or more cigarettes smoked marijuana per day). the evidence is not conclusive and several studies report conflicting results.

What happens if I use marijuana when I breastfeed?

THC has been detected in breast milk. In one recent study, researchers found that breast-fed infants ingest about 2.5% of the maternal dose of THC. The amount of time THC remains in the milk ranges from 6 days to 6 weeks. the available research shows no obvious health problems except for possible delays in motor development (learning to crawl and walk on time) when a woman reported smoking marijuana every day. Because the baby's brain continues to develop during that time they were breastfed, experts are concerned about the possible effects of these drugs may have on a nursing infant during breast-feeding when the mother uses.

The other factor to consider legal implications might be if the baby breast milk tested positive for marijuana, the fact that there may be other contaminants (mentioned above) in marijuana, thus exposing breastfed infants to other substances, and the possibility that baby will be directly exposed to second-hand smoke.

Most professional organizations like the American Academy of Pediatrics, breastfeeding Academy of Medicine, and the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends that nursing mothers avoid the use of marijuana. Be sure to talk with your doctor about all of your breastfeeding questions.

Because marijuana can affect prolactin (a hormone that tells your body to milk the make), there are concerns that frequent marijuana users may see a negative effect on the quality and quantity of milk produced.

If a man marijuana use can affect fertility (ability to get pregnant partner) or increase the chance of birth defects?

In men, the use of marijuana can lower the amount of sperm (sperm count), and motility (the ability of their sperm to reach the egg). These factors can make it more difficult for a man to get his partner pregnant. This effect is expected to be temporary, and sperm function is expected to return to normal after a man stopped using marijuana.In general, exposure father have is likely to increase the risk of pregnancy. For more information, please see MotherToBaby fact sheet Paternal Exposures and Pregnancy.

Please click for references.

Dr. Chambers is Program Director MotherToBaby California and directed MotherToBaby Pregnancy Study. He is a world renowned perinatal epidemiology and Professor of Pediatrics and Family and Preventive Medicine at the University of California San Diego. His interest in the field of birth defects and other pregnancy outcomes, with a particular focus on exposures that can cause birth defects.

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