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This is all around us in our homes, walls, plumbing pipes, bottles and cans, carpet, fillings, eyeglass lenses, mobile phones, cars, garden mulch and more. We are talking, of course, about.
Aside from its devastating impact on the health of the planet, the impact on human health has been jeopardized. Decade after decade we have witnessed the prostate and breast prices have increased, the level of fertility in men has gone down, young girls had entered puberty early, young people have become increasingly hyperactive and children have become more obese. All these conditions are caused by several factors, but the effect of plastic can not be ignored.
is the relationship between human health hazards and plastic. Some endocrine better publicized, including dioxin and, it has. In the human body, endocrine mimics the action of estrogen. They disturb the hormonal balance and can stimulate the growth of tumors in the breast, uterus or prostate. They can affect fertility, pregnancy, and worse, can affect the fetus by interfering with testosterone, interfere with normal sexual development. These disorders are often not apparent until adulthood and include an increased risk of cancer.
One of the main chemicals used to manufacture the plastic is bisphenol A, or BPA, a common in a large number of products are widely used, not the least of which is plastic bottles and the lining of food and beverage metal cans. Heat, repeated washing, acidity and alkalinity causes BPA in plastics to dissolve into our food and drink. Furthermore, BPA to leach into our groundwater from all sat plastics in landfills. And of course we ingest BPA from all the fish we eat that previously had swallowed all the plastic floating in the sea.
In a study, the Centers for Disease Control found to contain some amount of BPA. It's in our blood, our amniotic fluid, breast milk us. Small children are most at risk because they put everything in their mouths, they breathe and drink more, relative to their size, and they issued a slower waste.
The health risks of BPA has been observed primarily through animal testing, and there is some controversy about whether the human risk is extrapolated from animal testing. However, many of the adverse effects of BPA, such as reproductive cancers, obesity, type 2 diabetes and even autism, has been observed to increase in the human population in the last 50 years, reflecting the rise in plastic consumption. While the correlation is not causation, clear signs are not encouraging.
Although the Food and Drug Administration has stated that the level of BPA is safe, Sarah Janssen Defense Council Natural Resources says Mother Earth News, "the CPA should be considered a danger to human development and reproduction with clear evidence of adverse effects , "many countries, including the United States, have banned the presence of BPA in baby bottles. Unfortunately, a common substitute is often Biphenol S (BPS), which is and seems to cause a lot of the same problems as BPA.
Polycarbonate water bottles is popular among people who are trying to minimize plastic pollution, the main source of human exposure to BPA. Studies have shown that BPA to leach into the water even at room temperature, and when exposed to boiling water, BPA leached 55 times than that before exposure to heat.
Another class of so-called endocrine disruptors are also present in the plastic products that contain PVC. Phthalates are used to soften plastics and can be found in toys, deodorant and shampoo, shower curtains, raincoats, food packaging and a myriad of other products. Phthalates are loosely bound to the plastic and is easily absorbed into the food, drinks and saliva, and the like BPA, has been commonly detected in our body. Most concerning is the effect of phthalates on. Exposure to the fetus have been associated with malformations of the male reproductive system.
The dangers of plastic not only of consumption. During the plastics manufacturing industry, all kinds, many of which are carcinogenic or neurotoxic. It will include vinyl chloride, PVC; dioxins and benzene, of polystyrene; and formaldehyde, of polycarbonate. Many of these toxins known as POPs, or. They are highly toxic, and like plastic, theynot easily go away.
Plastic comes in many varieties, different combinations of resin and polymer creating plastics with different properties, and various types of plastic present different hazards. The figures are embedded in most plastic products identify the type of plastic it is made of, as if that could be recycled properly. (The reality is that nearly 10 percent of recyclable plastics, or more precisely, said from soda bottles for the insulation of a winter coat, so they end up in landfills.)
Here are the most common plastic, with a number, and some of the dangers they present.
1. PET: polyethylene terephthalate
PET is commonly used in commercially bottled water, bottled soft drinks, sports drink bottles and bottles of condiments (such as ketchup). Although generally considered "safe" plastic, and do not contain BPA, in the presence of heat soluble antimony, a metalloid toxic, into food and beverages, which can cause vomiting, diarrhea and stomach ulcers. Some studies have shown up to 100 times in a bottle of water rather than on the ground clean. the longer this bottle on a shelf or exposed to heat or sunlight, the more antimony may have leached into the product.
2. HDPE: high-density polyethylene
HDPE is commonly used in milk and juice bottles, detergent bottles, shampoo bottles, shopping bags, and a cereal box liners. Such as PET, are also considered to be "safe", but it has been proven to leach estrogenic chemicals harmful to the fetus and adolescents.
3. PVC: polyvinyl chloride
PVC can be flexible or rigid, and is used for plumbing pipe, food packaging clear, shrink wrap, children's toys plastic, tablecloth, floor vinyl, play mat children, and blister packaging (such as for drugs). PVC containing phthalate called DEHP, which can cause the properties of man's (DEHP-containing products have been banned in many countries but not the US). In some products, DEHP has been replaced by other chemicals called, which has also been shown to have hormone disorders.
4. LDPE: low-density polyethylene
LDPE is used for dry cleaning bags, bread bags, bag paper, bag of results, and garbage bags, as well as "paper" a carton of milk and hot / cold beverage cups. LDPE does not contain BPA, but like most plastics , can leach estrogenic chemicals.
5. PP: polypropylene
PP used to make yogurt containers, deli food containers and isolation of winter clothing. PP actually have a high tolerance of heat and thus, apparently not leach chemicals other plastics do.
6. PS: polystyrene
PS, also known as Styrofoam, used for cups, plates, take-out containers, meat trays supermarket, and the packing nut. Polystyrene is soluble styrene, suspected carcinogens, especially in the presence of heat (which makes hot coffee in styrofoam containers wise choice).
7. Others
Each item is made of plastic on plastic six equated as # 7 plastics. Each plastic designated # 7 is likely to leach BPA and / or CPM, both potent endocrine related to disrupt the proper mood, growth, development, sexual function, reproductive function, and puberty, among other important human development process. They are also thought to increase the risk of adult reproductive cancer, obesity, heart disease, and type 2 diabetes.
Danger Outgassing
The dangers of chemicals in plastic are not limited to the washing of bottles and food wrap. Another significant source of concern is of outgassing (also known as offgassing). The smell of a new car, or the smell of a new fiber synthetic carpet or new plastic toy actually called outgassing.
What happens is that the chemistry of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that evaporate into the air around us. This gas, in many cases, be harmful to human health.
This VOC including aldehydes, alcohols, plastics, and alkanes. PVC is probably the worst offender outgassing and prevalent throughout the household. A buildup of VOCs in the household (sometimes called sick building syndrome) can lead to symptoms such as dizziness, nausea, allergies, skin / eyes / nose / throat irritation, and asthma. Long-term damage can include cancer and heart disease. Heat can accelerate the outgassing process, so it may help to put new products containing the plastic out in the sun for several hours to minimize buildup of indoor VOCs.
ABC Avoid Plastic
The obvious solution to avoid the toxicity of plastics to avoid plastic, which, in a world awash in plastic, is quite difficult. In the absence of this, it makes sense to limit your close encounters with plastic as good as you can.
Larry Schwartz is a freelance writer based in Brooklyn with a focus on health, science and American history.
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