can marijuana affect pregnancy

Can marijuana use during and after pregnancy harm the baby ...

Further research is needed on how to use marijuana during pregnancy may affect the baby's health and development, given the changes in the policy on access to marijuana, as well as a significant increase over the last decade the number of pregnant women seeking treatment of substance use disorders to use marijuana. One study found that about 20% of pregnant women 24-years-old and younger screened positive for marijuana. However, the study also found that women are twice as likely to screen positive for cannabis use through drug tests from those expressed in measures of self-reported. This indicates that the rate of self-reported cannabis use in pregnant women may not accurately measure the use of marijuana. In addition, in a study of pharmacy, nonmedical personnel in recommending cannabis marijuana dispensaries for pregnant women for nausea, but medical experts warn against it.

There are no human studies linking the use of marijuana for the possibility of miscarriage, although animal studies indicate that the increased risk of miscarriage if marijuana use in early pregnancy. Some associations have been found between the use of cannabis during pregnancy and the future development and hyperactivity disorder in children. Evidence is mixed whether marijuana use by pregnant women associated with low birth weight or premature birth, although the long-term use may increase this risk. Studies have shown that pregnant women who used marijuana had a 2.3 times greater risk of stillbirth. Given the potential negative impact on brain development marijuana, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends that women obstetrician-gynecologist who use marijuana consideration when trying to become pregnant, during pregnancy and while they are breastfeeding.

Some women reported using marijuana to treat nausea associated with their pregnancy; However, no study has stated that this is a safe practice, and generally not recommended. Women considering using medical marijuana while pregnant does not have to do it without checking with their health care provider. Animal studies have shown that moderate concentrations of THC, when administered to the mother during pregnancy or breastfeeding, can have long-term effects on children, including improving the responsiveness of the stress and abnormal patterns of social interaction. Animal studies also show deficits in individuals exposed to learning.

Human studies have shown that some infants born to mothers who used marijuana during their pregnancies display the altered responses to visual stimuli, increased trembling, high-pitched cry, which may indicate problems with neurological development. In school, children are exposed to marijuana are more likely to indicate gaps in problem-solving skills, memory, and ability to remain attentive. Further research is needed, however, to the specific effects of cannabis are separated from the effects of other environmental factors that can be attributed to the use of marijuana a mother, as a poor home environment or using other medications mother. Prenatal marijuana exposure was also associated with an increased likelihood of people using marijuana as a young adult, even when other factors that influence drug use is considered. Further information about the use of cannabis during pregnancy can be found in this NIDA.

Very little is known about the use of marijuana and breastfeeding. One study showed that a moderate amount of THC find their way into milk during breastfeeding mothers use marijuana. Some evidence suggests that exposure to THC in breast milk in the first months of life can result in decreased motor development at age 1 year. There has been no research to determine whether exposure to THC during lactation is associated with the effect of a child at a later date. With regular use, THC may accumulate in human breast milk to high concentrations. Because the baby's brain is still forming, consumed THC in breast milk could affect brain development. Given all this uncertainty, breastfeeding is not recommended to use marijuana. new mothers to use medical marijuana should be vigilant about the coordination of care between doctors recommend they use marijuana and care pediatrician for their baby.

This page was last updated in December 2019

NIDA. (2019, December 24). Marijuana. Retrieved from https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/marijuana

NIDA. "Marijuana." In the nationalstitute on Drug Abuse, December 24, 2019, https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/marijuana.

NIDA. Marijuana. National Institute on Drug Abuse website. https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/marijuana. December 24, 2019.

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